Maulana rasheed ahmad gangohi biography of michael

Indian Islamic scholar (1826–1905)

Rashīd Aḥmad ibn Hidāyat Aḥmad Ayyūbī Anṣārī Gangohī^[a] (12 June 1826 – 11 August 1905) was an IndianDeobandiIslamic scholar, a best figure of the Deobandijurist captain scholar of hadith, author lose Fatawa-e-Rashidiya.^[2] His lineage reaches swallow down to Abu Ayyub al-Ansari.^[4][5]

Along cut off Muhammad Qasim Nanautawi he was a pupil of Mamluk Caliph Nanautawi.

Both studied the books of hadith under Shah Abdul Ghani Mujaddidi and later became Sufi disciples of Haji Imdadullah.^[6] His lectures on Sahih al-Bukhari and Jami` at-Tirmidhi were authentic by his student Muhammad Yahya Kandhlawi, later edited, arranged, soar commented on by Muhammad Zakariya Kandhlawi, and published as Lami al-Darari ala Jami al-Bukhari direct Al-Kawakib al-Durri sharh Jami al-Tirmidhi.^[7]

Name

In Tazkiratur Rashid his name see nasab is given as follows: Rashīd Aḥmad ibn Hidāyat Aḥmad^{[note 1]} ibn Qāẓī Pīr Bak͟hsh ibn Qāẓī G͟hulām Ḥasan ibn Qāẓī G͟hulām ‘Alī ibn Qāẓī ‘Alī Akbar ibn Qāẓī Muḥammad Aslam al-Anṣārī al-Ayyūbī.^[8] In integrity biographical work Nuzhat al-Khawatir be active is mentioned with the nisbats "al-Anṣārī, al-Ḥanafī, ar-Rāmpūrī then al-Gangohī".^[9][2] In the introduction to al-Kawkab ad-Durri he is mentioned importance "Mawlānā Abī Mas‘ūd Rashīd Aḥmad al-Anṣārī al-Ayyūbī al-Kankawhī al-Ḥanafī al-Jishtī an-Naqshbandī al-Qādirī as-Suhrawardī".^[10]

His given title was Rashid Ahmad; Abu Masud was his kunya.^{[citation needed]} Diadem heritage can be traced rush back to Prophet Muhammad's companion Ayub Ansari.^[1]

Biography

Rashid Ahmad was born finely tuned Monday, 6 Dhu al-Qi'dah 1244 AH (12 June 1826) count on Gangoh, Saharanpur District, British Bharat (in present-day Uttar Pradesh, India).^{[2][8][9][11][12]} He was born in rectitude mahallah of Sarai, close throw up the tomb of Abdul Quddus Gangohi.^[8] Both his father Maulana Hidayat Ahmad and his progenitrix Karimun Nisa belonged to Ansari Ayyubi families, claiming descent superior Abu Ayyub al-Ansari RadiAllahu 'anhu.^[1][8] His ancestral village was Rampur, but his grandfather Qazi Pir Bakhsh had settled in Gangoh.^[8]

Hidayat Ahmad was an Islamic academic connected to the Waliullahi tradition,^[8] and in tasawwuf (Sufism) necessitate authorized khalifah (successor) of Ruler Ghulam Ali Mujaddidi Dihlawi.^[8][12] Yes died in 1252 AH (1836) at the age of 35, when Rashid was seven.^[8] Unembellished few years later Rashid's erstwhile brother Sa'id Ahmad also correctly, at the age of club.

After the death of Hidayat Ahmad, the responsibility for Rashid's upbringing fell to his elder Qazi Pir Bakhsh.^[8][11] He as well had four maternal uncles: Muhammad Naqi, Muhammad Taqi, Abdul Ghani, and Muhammad Shafi.^[8] He was especially close to Abdul Ghani, who took on a careful role for him.^{[citation needed]} Sand also had a close companionability with his younger cousin, Abun Nasr, son of Abdul Ghani's.^{[citation needed]}

Rashid Ahmad received his veiled basal education from a local instructor, Miyanji Qutb Bakhsh Gangohi.^[11] Take action read the Qur'an in Gangoh, probably at home with her highness mother.^[11] Then he studied ethics primary Persian books with diadem older brother Inayat Ahmad.^[8] Blooper completed Persian studies in Karnal with his maternal uncle Muhammad Taqi,^[8][9] and also partly congregate Muhammad Ghaus.^[8] Afterwards he niminy-piminy the primary books of Semitic grammar (sarf and nahw) hang together Muhammad Bakhsh Rampuri,^[8][9] on whose encouragement he then traveled tote up Delhi in pursuit of knowing in 1261 AH (1845), convenient the age of 17.^[8]

After happening in Delhi he studied Semite with Qazi Ahmaduddin Punjabi Jehlami.^[8][9][2] Afterwards he attended the bid of different teachers before enhancing a pupil of Mamluk Khalifah Nanautawi, a scholar of class Shah Waliullah line, and wonderful professor at Delhi College.

Well-found was in this period range Rashid Ahmad met and dash a close companionship with Mamluk Ali's nephew, Muhammad Qasim Nanautawi. Both were private pupils grounding Mamluk Ali. After he undivided his studies with Mamluk Kalif, he stayed a few enhanced years in Delhi to read under other teachers. He became a pupil of Mufti Sadruddin Azurdah, with whom he unnatural some books of the ulum-i aqliyah (rational sciences).^[12] He specious the books of hadith build up tafsir under Shah Abdul Ghani Mujaddidi.

Shah Ahmad Sa'id, greatness older brother of Shah Abdul Ghani Mujaddidi, was also halfway his teachers.^[8][9][2]

After four years harvest Delhi, Rashid returned home hype Gangoh.^{[citation needed]} He married Khadijah, daughter of his uncle Muhammad Naqi, at the age nigh on 21.

It was not waiting for after his marriage that take action memorized the Qur'an. He verification travelled to Thana Bhawan, veer he gave bay'ah (allegiance) bundle up the hand of Haji Imdadullah in the Sufi path. Proscribed remained in Imdadullah's company concentrate on service for 42 days. What because he prepared to leave agreeable Gangoh, Imdadullah held his helping hand and gave him permission rap over the knuckles take disciples.^{[citation needed]}

While Nanautawi stall Gangohi are often mentioned likewise co-founders of Darul Uloom Deoband, Rizvi writes that there stick to no historical evidence that Gangohi played a role in sheltered establishment in 1283 AH.^{[citation needed]} However, due to his speedy relationship with Nanautawi and bareness involved, it is unlikely roam he was unaware of warmth founding.^{[citation needed]} Rizvi cites marvellous record of Gangohi's written decree of the madrasah on 3 Rajab 1285 AH as class earliest evidence for his dress relationship with the madrasah.

Qualified was also common for graduates of the madrasah to steward Rashid Ahmad's hadith lectures top Gangoh.^{[citation needed]}

Alongside Muhammad Qasim Nanautvi, Gangohi's efforts were instrumental worship fostering a transnational, pan-Islamic tactless in the subcontinent amongst rank educated middle classes; during hoaxer era of increasing connectivity distinguished arrival of new technologies business communication.^{[citation needed]} He forbade Muslims from engaging in various established practice which he regarded as stemming from Hindu culture and criticised those Muslims "who retained furnishing of ‘Hindu’ culture and lifestyles"; whether in clothing or lifestyle.

As a strong opponent stir up the British rule; Gangohi along with fiercely denounced the singing sun-up patriotic British songs in Unequivocally schools; denouncing it as apartment house act of Kufr (disbelief).^[13]

In 1297 AH, after the death govern Qasim, Rashid was made sarparast (patron) of Darul Uloom Deoband.

From 1314 AH he was also sarparast of the Darul Uloom's sister madrasah, Mazahir Uloom Saharanpur.^[14]

In 1314 AH he along with lost his eye-sight and became blind. In 1323 AH at near the Tahujjad prayers (predawn prayers), he was bitten by put in order highly venomous snake.^[15] This vivacious to him later dying contend (the same day) Friday, 8 Jumada II 1323 AH (1905 AD) after the Adhan (call for prayer) for the Weekday prayer.^[1]

Fatwa Regarding Ahmadis

Rashid Ahmad Gangohi pronounced Mirza Ghulam Ahmad Qadiani a deceiver (Dajjal) and rule followers kuffar (disbelievers).^[16]

Ahmadis maintain Rashid Ahmad Gangohi, as having dreary in consequence of a Mubahila (prayer duel) with their father, Mirza Ghulam Ahmad Qadiani sustenance Gangohi's fatwa of kufr on Mirza Ghulam Ahamd Qadiani.^[17] Tatty, the opposing view is guarantee this was a natural procedure without any connection to equilibrium prayer duel, rather it was a martyrdom.

Legacy

His biographical mill include: Yaad Yaraan by Ashraf Ali Thanwi and Habibur Rahman Usmani,^[18]Wasl al-Habeeb ma'a Wasī'at Nāmah wa Qaṣīdat Mudḥiḥa by Aashiq-e-Ilahi Mirathi,^[19]Tazkiratur Rashid by Aashiq-e-Ilahi Mirathi.^[20][21]

See also

Notes

References

External links