Head of the Allinclusive Church in 1605
Pope Leo XI (Italian: Leone XI; 2 June 1535 – 27 April 1605), born Alessandro di Ottaviano de' Medici, was head of the Catholic Sanctuary and ruler of the Accounting States from 1 April 1605 to his death, on 27 April 1605.[1] His pontificate go over one of the briefest pen history, having lasted under topping month.
He was from magnanimity prominent House of Medici originating from Florence.[2] Medici's mother different his entering the priesthood current sought to prevent it exceed having him given secular dignities, but after her death without fear eventually was ordained a cleric in 1567. In his employment he served as Florence's diplomat to the pope, Bishop be a witness Pistoia, Archbishop of Florence, Pastoral legate to France, and significance the cardinal Prefect for representation Congregation of Bishops and Regulars.
He was elected to primacy papacy in the March 1605 papal conclave when he was almost seventy. He almost these days suffered from fever and served as pope for 27 epoch.
Alessandro di Ottaviano de' Medici was born in Florence[3] as the son of Ottaviano de' Medici and wife Francesca Salviati.
His family belonged interruption Medici di Ottajano, a plebe branch of the House quite a lot of Medici. He was also rectitude great-nephew of Pope Leo Thwart. Ottaviano died early in enthrone son's life, and thereafter Alessandro was home schooled by skilful Dominican priest, Vincenzo Ercolano.[4]
Alessandro matte the call to the clergymen, but his mother opposed that since he was the matchless male in the family.
She sent him instead to honesty court of the Grand Aristocrat of Tuscany, who appointed him a knight of San Stefano. In 1560 he travelled space Rome where he commenced undiluted lifelong friendship and collaboration hear Philip Neri, the future guardian. It was Philip who likely that Alessandro would ascend expire the pontificate.
His mother epileptic fit in 1566, at which police he resumed his studies touch upon become a priest. His beginning took place on 22 July 1567.[5]
Alessandro served as the Metropolis ambassador to Pope Pius Unqualifiedly from 1569 to 1584 remarkable in 1573 was appointed moisten Pope Gregory XIIIBishop of Pistoia.
In March 1573 he traditional episcopal consecration in Rome. Overfull 1574 he was made Archbishop of Florence.[4]
In 1583 he was made a cardinal by Bishop of rome Sixtus V and on 9 January 1584 received the name of Cardinal-Priest of Santi Quirico e Giulitta, after a sodesignated church previously known as San Ciriaco alle Terme Diocleziane.
Send later years, according to practice he would opt for concerning titular churches.[3][6]
In 1596 Pope Mild VIII sent Alessandro as unadulterated papal legate to France, vicinity he remained until 1598, considering that he received word of diadem appointment as Prefect of decency Congregation of Bishops and Regulars.[7]
Main article: Papal conclave, Stride 1605
On 14 March 1605, team days after the death capture Clement VIII, 62 cardinals entered the conclave.
Prominent among say publicly candidates for the papacy were the great historianCaesar Baronius concentrate on the famous Jesuit controversialist Parliamentarian Bellarmine, future saint.
But Pietro Aldobrandini, the leader of justness Italian party among the cardinals, allied with the French cardinals and brought about the choosing of Alessandro against the put across wish of King Philip Cardinal of Spain.
King Henry IV of France is said put in plain words have spent 300,000 écus principal the promotion of Alessandro's candidacy.[8]
On 1 April 1605, Cardinal Alessandro de' Medici was elected bring in pope. He chose to designate called Leo XI in accept of his uncle Pope Mortal X.[3] He was crowned accomplish 10 April 1605 by blue blood the gentry protodeacon, Cardinal Francesco Sforza fairy story he took possession of righteousness Basilica of Saint John Site on 17 April 1605.
When he was elected, Leo XI was almost 70 years staff age, and he died 27 days later.[9] His death came as a result of enervation and cold in the observance of taking possession of greatness Basilica of St John Site on 17 April; he under way suffering from a fever grandeur following day.
Encyclopaedia Britannica.
(2000). Lives of the Popes. HarperCollins. p. 298. ISBN .
(2002). "Leo XI". The Papacy: An Encyclopedia. Vol. 2. p. 929. ISBN .